Acknowledgement
The following information has been excerpted with permission from the book: "Recirculating Aquaculture Systems, 2nd
Edition", M. B. Timmons, et al, 2002, Cayuga Aqua Ventures, Ithaca, NY. Additional text and links have been inserted to
indicate where additional information on related topics can be found within the website.
(To obtain more information on recirculating aquaculture systems, a complete set of tables and figures from the book and to obtain the references shown on this
and related pages please refer to the book. You can obtain a copy of the publication from Cayuga Aqua Ventures by visiting their website at www.c-a-v.net. If you
need engineering assistance with an aquaculture process you can obtain help at Holder Timmons Engineering, a complete engineering service company for
aquaculture. Their web address is www.holdertimmons.com.)
Spartan Environmental Technologies is a supplier of complete ozone generator systems for a wide range of applications
including aquaculture. For more information on ozone generators for aquaculture call us at 800-492-1252 or e-mail us at
info@SpartanWaterTreatment.com
Introduction
Bacterial and viral diseases create serious problems in semi-intensive and intensive aquaculture. Use of surface water in
flow-through systems represents a risk of contamination by introducing waterborne fish pathogenic microorganisms. Such
contamination results in heavy losses in aquaculture worldwide, and has also limited the progress in commercial farming of
new aquacultural species. Some commercial operations may be required to disinfect their discharge waters before
release into the aquatic environment. Of serious concern are dependable means of controlling pathogens present in the
inlet water. Disinfection by ozonation or UV-irradiation are two methods often applied in aquaculture. It is important to
distinguish between disinfection of makeup waters (low organic loads) and recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) waters.
Both applications are discussed in this chapter. Disinfection by ozonation and UV-irradiation are also used in other
aquacultural applications, e.g., reducing or eliminating potential pathogens associated with live prey such as rotifers in
marine larval production systems, and surface disinfection of fish eggs.
The discussion on this and subsequent pages will focus on the use of ozone in aquaculture.
Ozone Water Treatment for Aquaculture
Ozone has seen wide use in aquaculture because it has a rapid reaction rate, produces few harmful reaction by-products
in freshwater and oxygen is produced as a reaction end-product. Ozone is an extremely reactive oxidant and a very
effective bactericide and viricide. Ozone can also be used to achieve water quality improvements by micro flocculating
fine particulate matter (making particles that are easier to settle or filter) and oxidizing non biodegradable organic
molecules (creating smaller and more biodegradable molecules), nitrite, and refractory organic molecules (reducing water
color) (Summerfelt and Hochheimer, 1997; Summerfelt et al. 1997).
Application of ozone to aquaculture requires ozone generation, ozone transfer into solution, contact time for ozone to
react and disinfect, and possibly ozone destruction to ensure that no ozone residual makes it into the culture tanks
(Summerfelt and Hochheimer, 1997).
The following links will take you to pages that continue the discussion of ozone use in aquaculture:
The following information has been excerpted with permission from the book: "Recirculating Aquaculture Systems, 2nd
Edition", M. B. Timmons, et al, 2002, Cayuga Aqua Ventures, Ithaca, NY. Additional text and links have been inserted to
indicate where additional information on related topics can be found within the website.
(To obtain more information on recirculating aquaculture systems, a complete set of tables and figures from the book and to obtain the references shown on this
and related pages please refer to the book. You can obtain a copy of the publication from Cayuga Aqua Ventures by visiting their website at www.c-a-v.net. If you
need engineering assistance with an aquaculture process you can obtain help at Holder Timmons Engineering, a complete engineering service company for
aquaculture. Their web address is www.holdertimmons.com.)
Spartan Environmental Technologies is a supplier of complete ozone generator systems for a wide range of applications
including aquaculture. For more information on ozone generators for aquaculture call us at 800-492-1252 or e-mail us at
info@SpartanWaterTreatment.com
Introduction
Bacterial and viral diseases create serious problems in semi-intensive and intensive aquaculture. Use of surface water in
flow-through systems represents a risk of contamination by introducing waterborne fish pathogenic microorganisms. Such
contamination results in heavy losses in aquaculture worldwide, and has also limited the progress in commercial farming of
new aquacultural species. Some commercial operations may be required to disinfect their discharge waters before
release into the aquatic environment. Of serious concern are dependable means of controlling pathogens present in the
inlet water. Disinfection by ozonation or UV-irradiation are two methods often applied in aquaculture. It is important to
distinguish between disinfection of makeup waters (low organic loads) and recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) waters.
Both applications are discussed in this chapter. Disinfection by ozonation and UV-irradiation are also used in other
aquacultural applications, e.g., reducing or eliminating potential pathogens associated with live prey such as rotifers in
marine larval production systems, and surface disinfection of fish eggs.
The discussion on this and subsequent pages will focus on the use of ozone in aquaculture.
Ozone Water Treatment for Aquaculture
Ozone has seen wide use in aquaculture because it has a rapid reaction rate, produces few harmful reaction by-products
in freshwater and oxygen is produced as a reaction end-product. Ozone is an extremely reactive oxidant and a very
effective bactericide and viricide. Ozone can also be used to achieve water quality improvements by micro flocculating
fine particulate matter (making particles that are easier to settle or filter) and oxidizing non biodegradable organic
molecules (creating smaller and more biodegradable molecules), nitrite, and refractory organic molecules (reducing water
color) (Summerfelt and Hochheimer, 1997; Summerfelt et al. 1997).
Application of ozone to aquaculture requires ozone generation, ozone transfer into solution, contact time for ozone to
react and disinfect, and possibly ozone destruction to ensure that no ozone residual makes it into the culture tanks
(Summerfelt and Hochheimer, 1997).
The following links will take you to pages that continue the discussion of ozone use in aquaculture:
Spartan Environmental Technologies
Air and Water Treatment
Air and Water Treatment
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Spartan Environmental
Technologies, L.L.C.
7383 Lauren J Dr
Mentor, OH 44060
USA
Phone: 800-492-1252
Fax: 440-368-3569
E-mail: info@
spartanwatertreatment.com
Technologies, L.L.C.
7383 Lauren J Dr
Mentor, OH 44060
USA
Phone: 800-492-1252
Fax: 440-368-3569
E-mail: info@
spartanwatertreatment.com